Hallux valgus is a common
forefoot deformity; it occurs with a lateral deviation of the great toe and
medial deviation of the first metatarsal, progressively leading to the
subluxation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint.
In advanced stage it is associate
with the dorsal displacement of the second, third and forth toe that causes
increased plantar
pressure on the heads of the metatarsal bones; this leads to a chronic
metatarsalgia and a typical plantar hyperkeratosis.
According to MJ Coughlin it is
possible to classify the pathology into 3 grades of severity based on the value
of the Hallux Valgus Angle (HAV normal < 20°), First Intermetatarsal Angle
(IMA normal < 11°), Proximal Articular Set Angle (PASA normal < 6°),
first metatarsophalangeal joint congruency and the position of sesamoids.
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