Calcaneal fractures account as the most common tarsal bones
injury. Therefore, definite diagnosis of calcaneal fracture is an important
element for proper management. The main signs and symptoms of fractures are
swelling and deformity. Diagnosis of fracture is based on X-rays radiological
studies. Two main landmark of lateral view X-ray are Böhler’s and Gissane’s
angles and the axial view has advantage for evaluation of Varus deformity of
the calcaneus andwidening of the heel.
Early diagnosis of fracture facilitates treatment of fracture
and may reduce complications. In addition, knowing the best way of diagnosis
may decrease economic burden and accelerate proper management of patients.
Nowadays, CT-scan is the most reliable tool for diagnosis of calcaneus fracture
and CT-scan is more accurate for assessment of fracture. Detecting
stress fractures of the calcaneus can be made by Technetium scans and MRI,
but it is not appropriate to apply them in the acute setting.
We conducted a systematic review based on PRISMA (Preferred
Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol. To retrieve
all relevant literatures, a sensitive search queryconsisted of terms related to
calcaneus combined with specific terms for fracture, Evaluation Studies as
Topic"[Mesh]) and diagnosis was
used.
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